Dynamic braking
Also: motor braking
Slowing a motor by providing an electrical path that opposes its motion.
Bridge braking can short motor terminals through a low-resistance path so generated current dissipates energy; regenerative braking returns energy when supported.
Example An H-bridge brake state stops a light wheel faster than coast.
Common misconception Braking is not always equivalent to setting PWM to zero, and regenerated energy needs somewhere safe to go.